有助于提高阅读的方法(2/6)

Your purpose for reading is not determined by the kind of text you are reading. For example, even though novels are written to be enjoyed, when one of them is assigned for a class, the purpose in reading is no longer just "fun" because you are thinking of the book in terms of some kind of evaluation-an essay test, an analytical paper, a list of quotations to identify. This experience is not the same as sitting in front of a fire and selecting that novel as an enjoyable way to spend an evening. Students also sometimes find that even if they are not being evaluated but are told by their teachers to read a book for pleasure, just the fact that it is required somehow takes all the fun out of it. They still find themselves reading for information, anticipating that they will be held accountable for it in some way.Now, let's move to the second strategy, prior knowledge.

阅读意图并不是由你阅读文章的类别所决定的。比如，尽管有些小说本是用来享受的，但是如果有一本被指定为课上所要用的，那么你阅读的目的就不再是为了“好玩”。因为你会觉得那本书可能会被用作考查的材料，像作文测试，分析论文或是核实引文。这和坐在炉火前读一本小说愉快地度过一个晚上的感觉是截然不同的。即使不是考核，有时候学生们也会觉得只要是老师告诉他们可以读哪本书休闲时，莫名其妙得那本书就变得索然无味。他们只要发现自己阅读还是为了获得知识，就希望自己以某种方式对此负责。第二个方法，利用先验知识。