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Another museum expedition has just returned from Peru.

There's two that we've found so far that we think have very,

very high likelihood of being completely new species.

Right.And the planet.

Max Barclay has been looking at the insect life on the forest floor

and is now combing through his discoveries.

This is a beetle called boboserated,and they live on underground truffles.

The expensive things that you get in a restaurant?

Exactly.I can't remember what they cost but it's an awful lot of money.

There's one species in France

that actually competes with the locals for the very valuable white and black truffles.

We don't know exactly what kind of truffles this feeds on,but some kind of subterranean fungus.

Great.in the rainforest.

You've discovered, hopefully, a new species of beetle here.

Is there anything else you're interested that you just discovered?

No, we've had some very interesting things.

I mean,the guys we were working with from America

were ecologists and they were looking at dung beetle ecology.

These are dung beetles,because we all know what dung beetles eat,

they eat poo,dung, faecal matter.They do a good job as well,don't they?

Yes. They're very important in ecosystems because they clean up all the waste,

and many of them are very specific about where they live. They live in a particular altitude.

They live in a lowland tropical forests or live on Altiplano whatever.

And what was interesting about this ecology group

is that they were collecting the dung beetles

and they were comparing it with data that they collected in the same place ten years ago.